要翻促進(jìn)發(fā)展,一律promote development;要翻許多,通通many。諸如此類的詞匯,被筆者稱之為“濫詞”,即被用到泛濫的詞匯。
如果是追求反應(yīng)速度和效率的口譯部分,這樣的譯文當(dāng)然沒有問題?墒窃跁r(shí)間充裕的筆譯部分,這樣的簡(jiǎn)單詞匯無疑會(huì)令譯文質(zhì)量打上折扣。至少,無法讓閱卷人眼前一亮,難獲高分。
出于對(duì)以上問題的考慮,筆者通過在新東方多年的口譯教研經(jīng)歷,總結(jié)了中高級(jí)口譯考試漢英翻譯題中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的30個(gè)常用單詞/詞組的替換方案,以期幫助同學(xué)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)積累一定的亮點(diǎn)詞匯。
需要提醒同學(xué)們注意的有兩點(diǎn)。一是各個(gè)亮點(diǎn)詞匯絕不是被替換詞的同義詞,不可胡亂使用,其具體用法請(qǐng)自行查閱詞典。如waste的替換詞中,squander是動(dòng)詞,luxurious是形容詞,用法完全不同。二是建議同學(xué)在此基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)自行積累,多多益善,方能在考場(chǎng)上厚積薄發(fā)。
(1)give給,提供
offer,supply,provide,furnish ,distribute,allocate
。2)get得到
receive/accept,gain,acquire,obtain,attain,earn
。3)many/much/a lot of/lots of許多
a large number of,a multitude of,plenty of
an enormous amount/huge amounts of,a great/good deal of
。4)poor貧窮的
poverty-stricken,destitute,impoverished
。5)rich富有的
wealthy,well off,affluent,prosperous
。6)certainly一定
inevitable,unavoidable,be doomed to,be bound to
(7)all所有,全部
universal,widespread,prevalent,whole,entire
。8)enough足夠
ample,sufficient,adequate
(9)show顯示,展現(xiàn)
indicate,demonstrate,illustrate,suggest,display,showcase
(10)risk/danger危險(xiǎn)
hazard,peril,jeopardize,endanger,menace
(11)way方法,辦法,手段
measure,method,means,approach
。12)catch,attractive吸引,有吸引力的
obsess,immerse,fascinate,enchant
charming,inviting,alluring,appealing
。13)harm/damage破壞(的),有害(的)
destructive,devastating,detrimental,undermine
(14)useful/helpful有用的
effective,practical,valuable,invaluable,conducive
(15)great/wonderful偉大的
incredible,amazing,sublime,extraordinary,magnificent,glorious
(16)try,effort努力
endeavor,strive to do sth/for sth
。17)famous著名的
well-known,celebrated,noted,eminent,renowned
。18)difficulty困難,困境
adversity,hardship,plight,predicament
setback,hurdle,obstacle
。19)focus on集中
center on,concentrate on
。20)so所以
consequently,therefore,as a result
。21)because因?yàn)?BR> as a result of;attribute/ascribe A to B
(22)press(ure)壓力
place/put a (heavy) burden on;strain
。23)about大約
approximately,roughly
。24)cooperate合作
Collaborate,join hands in doing sth
。25)waste浪費(fèi)(的)
Squander,fritter,luxurious (26)save/economical節(jié)約(的)
Thrifty,conserve
(27)develop發(fā)展
Thrive,evolve,burgeon
。28)promote促進(jìn)
Boost,give a boost to,accelerate
(29)delay,postpone暫緩,延期
shelve
。30)deal with應(yīng)對(duì),處理
Cope with,grapple with,address,tackle
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