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趣味口譯：美國雙職家庭中丈夫事業優先

發布時間：2011-01-13

作者：

來源于：昂立外語網站

Women might be on a more even footing at work but at home their careers tend to take a backseat to their husband's job with women most likely to quit when both are working long hours, according to a U.S. study.

Researcher Youngjoo Cha, from Cornell University, found that working women with a husband who worked 50 hours or more a week found themselves still doing most of the housework and the care giving and were more likely to end up quitting their job.

An analysis of 8,484 professional workers and 17,648 nonprofessionals from dual-earner families showed that if women had a husband who worked 60 hours or more per week it increased the woman's odds of quitting her paid job by 42 percent.

Cha said the odds of quitting increased to 51 percent for professional women whose husbands work 60 hours or more per week, and for professional mothers the odds they would quit their jobs jumped 112 percent.

However, it did not significantly affect a man's odds of quitting his job if his wife worked 60 hours or more per week, according to the study published in the American Sociological Review in April.

For professional men, both parents and non-parents, the effects of a wife working long hours were negligible, according to the study called "Reinforcing Separate Spheres: The Effect of Spousal Overwork on Men's and Women's Employment in Dual-Earner Households."

"As long work-hours introduce conflict between work and family into many dual-earner families, couples often resolve conflict in ways that prioritize husbands' careers," Cha, who used data from the U.S. Census Bureau, said in a statement.

"This effect is magnified among workers in professional and managerial occupations, where the norm of overwork and the culture of intensive parenting tend to be strongest. The findings suggest that the prevalence of overwork may lead many dual-earner couples to return to a separate spheres arrangement -- breadwinning men and homemaking women."

康奈爾大學的研究人員查英珠發現，對于丈夫每周工作時間超過50個小時的職業女性而言，她們需要承擔大部分家務和照顧家人的任務，所以更有可能辭掉工作。

一項對來自雙職工家庭的8484名專業工作人員和17648名非專業人員的分析顯示，對于丈夫每周工作時間超過60個小時的職場女性而言，她們辭掉工作的幾率增加42%。

查說，丈夫每周工作60個小時以上的職業女性辭掉工作的幾率增加到51%，而對于有孩子的職業女性而言，這一幾率則猛增至112%。

但根據這項在《美國社會學評論》四月刊上發表的研究顯示，如果妻子每周工作60個小時或以上，對男性辭職的幾率卻沒有什么顯著的影響。

這項名為“男女分工：配偶過度工作對雙職家庭男性和女性職業的影響”的研究稱，對于職業男性來說，不管家里是否已有孩子，妻子工作時間長對他們的影響可以忽略不計。

查使用的研究數據來源于美國人口普查局。查在一份聲明說：“當長時間工作使雙職工家庭出現職業和家庭沖突時，往往是優先考慮丈夫的事業。”

“這種情況對于從事專業工作和處于管理崗位的人來說尤為突出，因為這一人群最看重努力工作和的子女的培養。研究顯示，過度工作狀況的普遍存在會導致許多雙職工夫婦回歸到一種傳統的男女分工的家庭模式——男主外，女主內。”

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