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口試快要開始了，同學們來做一下模擬卷，先視譯，再看答案！
[1] Passage 1
[2] Passage 2
Part B
Directions: In this part of the text, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal…, you may take notes while you’re listening. Remember you will hear the passage only once.
Now let us begin Part B with the first passage.
Passage 1
當今世界，環(huán)境保護已成為各國政府和各界人士共同關心的問題。過去10年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的；生態(tài)惡化、物種滅絕、臭氧層被破壞、溫室效應、酸雨、土地沙漠化等一系列問題已經(jīng)嚴重影響到人類的生存環(huán)境和身體健康。
參考答案1：Currently, environmental protection has become the common issue that concerns the governments of all the countries and people from all walks of life. During the past decade, sea level has risen and forests have been destroyed at an unprecedented rate. A series of problems, namely, the deterioration of the ecosystem, the extinction of bio-species, damage to the ozone layer, the greenhouse effect, acid rain and desertification have posed a serious threat to people’s environment for survival as well as to their physical health.
參考答案2：Currently, environmental protection has become the common concern of the governments of all the countries and people from all walks of life. The past decade has witnessed /seen the unprecedented rise of sea level and deterioration of forests .The ecosystem has deteriorated, species have become extinct,the ozone layer has been damaged, there have been other problems such as greenhouse effect, acid rain and desertification, all of which have posed a serious threat to people’s environment for survival as well as to their physical health.
解題精析：
對于“問題”類的文章，一開始的導入句往往會強調(diào)問題的嚴重性。因此，對于“成為……共同關心的問題”，除了按參考答案1那樣，用常規(guī)定語從句進行翻譯以外，還不妨如參考答案2那樣，直接用concern進行替代，因為在英語里，concern作為名詞有“關心的問題”的意思，言簡意賅。句子的第二個意群的特點是“多主句”，按參考答案1進行直譯時，需注意“前所未有”形容詞為unprecedented,而這個詞并沒有副詞。因此在這里可用at a(n) adj. rate并將形容詞轉化為副詞使用。而按參考答案2處理時，可采用時間（點/段）+witness/see + adj. + n.的句型進行處理，做到簡而不失雅。最后一個意群的特點是并列結構，可如參考答案1那樣，用常用結構性語言 “a series of …, namely,…+v.”對并列部分進行列示，但其局限性在于主語過長，如當中專業(yè)術語出現(xiàn)卡殼，最后可能無法來得及翻譯動詞，并最終造成了“不成句”的譯文。因此，同學可參考參考答案2，將原來的名詞轉化為動詞并搶先構架句子結構，最后用which引導定語從句，相對而言更具實用性，這也是長句常用的“分句法”。除此以外，對于與問題嚴重性有關的單詞或詞組，如“滅絕”、“破壞”、“惡化”、“嚴重影響”等，都需考生熟練掌握及運用。
從國情出發(fā)，中國在全面推進現(xiàn)代化的過程中，將環(huán)境保護視為一項基本國策，將實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟持續(xù)發(fā)展視為一項重要戰(zhàn)略，同時在全國范圍內(nèi)開展污染防治工作和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護活動。
參考答案1：Proceeding from our national condition, China, in the process of modernization, regards environmental protection as a basic state policy, and realizing sustainable economic development as an important strategy. In the meantime, China has launched a nationwide campaign for the prevention and treatment of pollution as well as the protection of ecological environment.
參考答案2：Based on our national condition, China, in the process of modernization, regards environmental protection as a basic state policy, and realizing sustainable economic development as an important strategy. In the meantime, China has prevented and treated pollution as well as protected ecological environment in a nationwide drive.
解題精析：
對于這句模塊句子可以一題雙解。首先的開頭詞“從……出發(fā)”是一個比較典型的導入方式，學生可如參考答案1一樣，用proceeding from進行開頭，也可如參考答案2一樣，采用繞譯法，繞譯為based on （以……為基礎），做到殊途同歸。接下去的第一大意群中，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一個并列結構，核心句型是“將……視為……”,并且這個句型出現(xiàn)了兩次。因此，考生可按照減詞法“介詞拖后”原則，用 regard … as …,and … as…的結構進行簡化；對于最后一個意群，其核心動詞是“開展 n.……的工作/活動”，這是典型的引導解決措施的詞組結構，其正式譯法可如參考答案1一樣，譯為launch a (adj.) campaign for/against；但在口譯中，也不妨省略“開展”，將其后面的名詞，如“污染防治”、 “生態(tài)環(huán)境保護”直接轉化為動詞，請注意參考答案2中的斜體字部分，而對于“在全國范圍內(nèi)”，則可用 in a(n) adj. drive,將其轉化為副詞詞性。這種轉性法的活用，考生需平時苦練，方能在考場上游刃有余。
Passage 2
值此辭舊迎新的美好時刻，我很高興通過中國國際廣播電臺、中央人民廣播電臺、中央電視臺，向全國 各族人民，向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，向世界各國的朋友們，致以新年的祝福！
參考答案1：At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I’m delighted to extend New Year wishes to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world!
參考答案2：At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, , I’m delighted to extend New Year wishes to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television!
解題精析：這句句子是非常典型的禮儀致辭的開場白，屬于“表心情”的一類，而模板結構往往是“我很高興……”等等。這里， “高興”用“delighted”要正式于 “happy,glad”等詞，而“表達”用 “extend”也要正式于“express”等詞。參考答案1采用了順句驅(qū)動的譯法，在同聲口譯中適用，但在交替?zhèn)髯g中，via結構并非句子結構，因此很容易造成“不成句”的問題。因此，參考答案2抓住了主干，采用了轉序譯法，將 “ I am delighted to…”的句型結構提前，從而快速構建句子結構。但這種譯法在同聲傳譯中又會使譯者前后顛倒，徹底崩潰。因此，根據(jù)具體語境，選擇相應的譯法也是考生需要培養(yǎng)的應變能力。
借此機會，我愿重申，中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，始終不渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，積極發(fā)展同世界各國的交流合作，積極參與國際社會應對國際金融危機的努力，致力于促進世界經(jīng)濟增長、促進人類文明進步，繼續(xù)同世界各國一道推動建設持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。
參考答案1：I would like to take this opportunity to reaffirm that China will unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and implement a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit, actively develop exchanges and cooperation with countries from around the world, actively participate in efforts by the international community to meet the global financial crisis, strive to promote world economic growth and the progress of human civilization, continue to work with other countries to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity.
參考答案2：I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to reaffirm that China will unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and implement a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit, actively exchange and cooperate with countries from around the world, actively make joint efforts with the international community to meet the global financial crisis, strive to promote world economic growth and the progress of human civilization, continue to work with other countries to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity.
解題精析：
這句句子首先是典型的禮儀致辭句，因此對于“借此機會，我……”這樣的句型結構，考生可以按照參考答案1，用 “I would like to take this opportunity to…”的結構開頭，而考慮到這里的語境是胡錦濤主席面對全國人民的致辭，因此用“I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to…”的句型結構則更為正式。這種結構的特點是 “avail oneself of”這種反身代詞的用法，如出現(xiàn)“他借此機會”，則只需改為 “avail himself of”就可以了。接下去句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個“矢志不渝”，對這個高頻的結構往往用“unswervingly +動詞”進行連接，連接的內(nèi)容有“奉行”、“堅持”等等，這類詞前面已詳細講解，此處不再贅述。后面意群中難點在于“發(fā)展同……的交流合作”這種結構，除了參考答案1這樣直譯以外，在口譯環(huán)境中，建議考生省略“發(fā)展”，將后面的名詞轉化為動詞，即“同......交流合作”就可以了。類似結構還有“進行……+名詞”等等。而對于“參與……的努力”，如無法如參考答案1那樣直譯，不妨另辟蹊徑。是不是覺得這種結構和問題類模塊句特別像呢？因此轉化為“共同努力”（make joint efforts）也是一種很務實的解法。
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