Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your point clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is ...” “My registration number is ...”

Read the following passages:

Uber's self-driving vehicles have hit the streets of San Francisco as shown in recent snapshots and video footage taken by the public, which have surfaced on social media in no time. Uber has confirmed that it is already testing its self-driving cars in California, but it is not yet available as a transport service like the fleet currently ferrying passengers in Pittsburgh.

"A handful of cars equipped with advanced driver safety and self-driving technology are now being tested in the Bay Area," an Uber spokesperson said in a Tech Crunch interview. "These are for internal research use only."

Uber also maintained that the research nature of the vehicle's presence in San Francisco means that a driver is always present. It also stressed that the field trial aims to test its new service in different environments to ensure the success and improvement of passenger safety.

Questions for reference:

1. Do you know the company Uber and what service does it provide?

2. What consequence would the popularization of self-driving cars bring about?

3. Will you ride on a self-driving car? And why?

Pros

1. Safety can be improved and traffic congestion mitigated.

2. Time spent in driving can be saved for more important things.

3. Ride-sharing cuts emission of harmful gases.

Cons

1. Unemployment of Drivers, especially Cab Drivers.

2. Safety and Security. (Driver-less cars are vulnerable to cyber-attacks)

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Briefing to Executive Board on Zika Situation

有關(guān)寨卡病毒情況向執(zhí)行委員會的通報

Distinguished members of the commission, representatives of Member States, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to this briefing on the Zika situation. I will give you a brief history of this disease and explain why WHO is so deeply concerned. The Zika virus was first isolated in 1947 from a monkey in the Zika forest of Uganda. Its historical home has been in a narrow equatorial belt stretching across Africa and into equatorial Asia. 

尊敬的委員會委員、各位會員國代表、女士們、先生們：歡迎前來參加寨卡病毒情況通報會。我將概述一下此病的歷史由來，解釋為什么世衛(wèi)組織要給予如此深切的關(guān)注。寨卡病毒最初是1947年從烏干達(dá)的寨卡森林的猴子身上分離出來的。它的歷史家園始終位于從非洲伸展到亞洲赤道地區(qū)的一個狹窄的赤道帶。

For decades, the disease, transmitted by mosquito, slumbered, affecting mainly monkeys. In humans, Zika occasionally caused a mild disease of low concern. In 2007, Zika expanded its geographical range to cause the first documented outbreak in the Pacific island. The situation today is dramatically different. Last year, the virus was detected in the Americas, where it is now spreading explosively.

幾十年來，寨卡病經(jīng)由伊蚊屬蚊蟲傳播，悄無聲息，主要感染猴子。在人身上，寨卡病毒有時會引起人們很少關(guān)注的輕微疾病。2007年，寨卡病毒擴(kuò)展了其地理分布，在大平洋島嶼地區(qū)導(dǎo)致了第一次有案可查的疫情。當(dāng)前的情況全然不同。去年，在美洲發(fā)現(xiàn)了寨卡病毒，目前呈暴發(fā)性傳播。

As of today, cases have been reported in 23 countries and territories in the region. The level of alarm is extremely high. Arrival of the virus in some places has been associated with a steep increase in the birth of babies with abnormally small heads . A causal relationship between Zika virus infection and birth malformations has not yet been established, but is strongly suspected. 

截至今天，該區(qū)域已經(jīng)有23個國家和領(lǐng)土報告了病例。警戒級別極高。在一些地方，伴隨病毒而來的，是新生畸形小頭嬰兒激增。寨卡病毒感染與出生缺陷之間的因果關(guān)系尚未得到確認(rèn)，但人們高度懷疑這一點(diǎn)。

WHO is deeply concerned about this rapidly evolving situation, because of the potential for further international spread and the absence of vaccines, specific treatments, and rapid diagnostic tests. Moreover, conditions associated with this year’s El Nino weather pattern are expected to increase mosquito populations greatly in many areas. The level of concern is high, as is the level of uncertainty. Questions abound. We need to get some answers quickly.

由于寨卡病毒可能進(jìn)一步出現(xiàn)國際傳播，且一些地區(qū)缺乏疫苗、特效治療手段和快速診斷檢測方法，世衛(wèi)組織深為關(guān)注這一迅速變化的情況。此外，隨著今年的厄爾尼諾氣候模式，種種條件可能導(dǎo)致許多地區(qū)蚊蟲激增。我們高度關(guān)切，而不確定性的程度也很高。問題很多。我們需要迅速找出一些答案。

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世界難民日致辭

Message on World Refugee Day

在全球，沖突已經(jīng)使6千5百萬人背井離鄉(xiāng)。暴力與迫害迫使人們逃離家園尋求安全，或跨越國界淪為難民。其他人則因曠日持久的沖突仍無望解決而生活在長期流亡中。截至2015年底，共有2130萬難民，320萬人在尋求庇護(hù)，4080萬人在本國境內(nèi)流離失所。

Globally, conflicts have uprooted more than 65 million people from their homes. Violence and persecution, are driving people to flee their countries in search of safety , or to cross international borders as refugees. Others are living in long-term exile, as solutions to protracted conflicts remain elusive. At the end of 2015, there were 21.3 million refugees, 3.2 million people in the process of seeking asylum, and 40.8 million people internally displaced within their own countries.

值此世界難民日之際，我們對被迫逃離者的勇氣和毅力表示敬佩；對接受和收容他們的社區(qū)和國家表示贊揚(yáng)。這些逃離者往往駐留在貧困、不穩(wěn)定和欠發(fā)達(dá)的偏遠(yuǎn)邊界地區(qū)，不為國際社會所關(guān)注。今天，每十個難民中就有九人生活在瀕臨沖突局勢的貧窮和中等收入國家。

World Refugee Day is a moment for honouring the courage and resilience of those forced to flee. It is also a moment for paying tribute to the communities and States that receive and host them, often in remote border regions affected by poverty, instability and underdevelopment, and beyond the gaze of international attention. Nine out of ten refugees are today living in poor and middle income countries close to situations of conflict.

反對難民的聲音如此之大，有時很難聽到歡迎的聲音。但在世界各地，這些聲音確實(shí)存在。過去一年，我們在許多國家和地區(qū)目睹了人們表露出的異常強(qiáng)烈的同情和聲援，普通民眾和社區(qū)向難民敞開家門和胸懷，許多國家在已收容了大量難民的情況下仍歡迎新抵達(dá)的難民。

With anti-refugee rhetoric so loud, it is sometimes difficult to hear the voices of welcome. But these do exist, all around the world. In the past year, in many countries and regions, we have witnessed an extraordinary outpouring of compassion and solidarity, as ordinary people and communities have opened their homes and their hearts to refugees, and States have welcomed new arrivals even while already hosting large numbers of refugees.

目前迫切需要推廣和擴(kuò)大這些積極的例子。聯(lián)合國大會關(guān)于難民問題的高級別全體會議將提供一個歷史性機(jī)會，可借此達(dá)成一項(xiàng)全球契約，共擔(dān)責(zé)任，對難民采取集體行動。我們必須與每年逃離家園的數(shù)百萬男子、婦女和兒童站在一起，確保無論他們身在何處，他們的權(quán)利和尊嚴(yán)都受到保護(hù)。

There is an urgent need to build on and amplify these positive examples. The UN High-Level Plenary of the General Assembly on Addressing Refugee Crisis will offer a historic opportunity to agree a global compact, which commits us to shared responsibility and collective action for refugees. We must stand together with the millions of men, women and children who flee their homes each year, to ensure that their rights and dignity are protected wherever they are. 

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