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        Agreement:主語和謂語在人稱、數(shù)上的一致，關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致。

　　Ambiguity:盡量不去使用可能引起歧義的詞語或句子。

　　Brief:文章"簡為貴"，要抓住要點，簡明扼要。

　　Coherence:文理通順，前后連貫。

　　Development:主題的發(fā)揮應(yīng)當充分、合理、正確。

　　Division:詞匯、句子、段落要分配使用得當，劃分要清楚，避免使用重復(fù)字句和種子片段。

　　Figures:正確合理使用各類修辭格式。

　　Inflated diction:不使用做作的語言。

　　Key:用適當?shù)年P(guān)鍵詞突出主題，每段都應(yīng)有主題句。

　　Logical:內(nèi)容要符合邏輯。

　　Message:信息要新鮮、確實、可信。

　　Omit:合理刪除多余的不必要部分。

　　Proposition:主張、觀點、論述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

　　Punctuation:正確適時使用標點符號。

　　Relevant:文章一定要要題。

　　Sentence pattern:句型要盡量多樣化。

　　Strait:開門見山，直來直去。

　　Style.:文體恰切，適合內(nèi)容要求。

　　Tense:動詞時態(tài)要正確、一致、變化合理。

　　Theme:選題得當，主題突出。

　　----------------------------------------------談句型的靈活運用

　　句子也是如此，我們提倡簡煉，但不是說都用簡單句。有人認為在寫作考試中，采用簡單句、短句、容易掌握，不在會出錯，因而也最保險。這話沒有錯，但簡單句用得太多，造成簡單句的堆徹實際上是語言技巧不成熟、不老練，甚至語言水平低下的表現(xiàn)。在閱卷人員看來，同樣的意思內(nèi)容，一個考生能夠運用比較復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)來表達，其語言水平當然要比只會用簡單句來表達的考生的語言水平高出一截，就是有點錯也不妨礙他比后者取得較高的分數(shù)，因為他的難度系數(shù)要高。在某種意義上來說，在詞數(shù)相同的作文中，語言水平越高，語言技巧越熟練，句子的數(shù)目也就越少。這就意味著句子長了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜了。

　　當然，我們反對過多地使用簡單句并不是鼓勵學生去刻意追求長句、復(fù)雜句。我們追求的是句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多變。一篇文章能根據(jù)表達的內(nèi)容使用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，會產(chǎn)生較好的藝術(shù)效果。

　　例子1 The Career I Pursue的主體段：

　　A variety of reasons have led me to choose this occupation over other more lucrative ones. First, teaching is learning. To make my lectures more interesting, I have to read more books, explore new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world-the very thing I like to do in my life. Second, teaching means freedom. As a teacher, I can freely express my opinions and explain them in my own way since nobody will interfere with me. Finally, I like teaching because it offers a certain peace of mind. No more rushing to catching a morning bus, no more anxiety to please a boss, and no more worries about being laid off because you are getting old.

　　文中有4個詞的短句:First, teaching is learning.也有27個詞的長句:To make my lectures more interesting, I have to read more books, explore new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world-the very thing I like to do in my life.有簡單句,也有復(fù)雜句:As a teacher, I can freely express my opinions and explain them in my own way since nobody will interfere with me;還有同位語句，斷裂句，排比句，比較句等,因而文章讀起來節(jié)奏感強。所謂句子變化，主要是指句子的開頭要有變化，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)要有變化，句子的長度要有變化。不要連續(xù)使用幾個簡單句，要學會使用復(fù)雜句。

　　例子2 a) Teenagers are pressured by school work. They arealso encouraged by their peers. Under suchcircumstances, they resort to smoking. But sometimesthey feel a little guilty.

　　b) Pressured by school work and encouraged by theirpeers, teenagers often resort to smoking, toughthey feel a little guilty sometimes.

　　不要總是以有生命的名詞和人稱代詞開頭(受漢語表達習慣的影響,不少考生都喜歡以I，People，We等開頭)。

　　例子3 a) Many people think birth control is quite necessaryin China.

　　b) It is widely/commonly thought/believed/held/acceptedthat birth control is quite necessary in China.

　　a) More and more people agree (realize/are aware)that women should enjoy full equality with men.

　　b) There is a growing agreement (realization/awareness)that women should enjoy full equality with men.

　　a) Many Chinese people have gone to the UnitedStates in the past 15 years.

　　b) The past 15 years have brought many Chinesepeople to the United States.

　　a) We almost forget this event.

　　b) This event is now almost fading from our memory.

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