「黑」是中國的五色之一,所謂「五色」者指的是「青、黃、赤、白、黑」等顏色。在國人的意識形態(tài)中,「黑」究竟代表什么概念呢?從「掃黑」行動所用的「黑」字看來,其所代表者顯然是與暴力及罪惡有關(guān),指社會「惡」的一面。我們常指別人的胡說亂道為「指黑為白;顛倒是非」,臺語則說「黑白講」(這種說法似乎不分中外,不謀而合;英文說"call white black"或"call black white")。此處的「黑」與「白」所指的是"right and wrong"(是非),或"good or bad"(善惡)。不管如何,「黑」總是代表非,「非」即「惡」了。「黑」代表「惡」的中文詞句俯拾皆是,如:黑幕(an unprintable secret behind the scenes; the cover-up for evil deeds),黑道日(﹦兇日,an unlucky day),黑話 (the secret jargon, the argot of criminals),黑貨 (stolen goods; smuggled goods ; opium),黑業(yè) (black deeds, evil deeds),黑臉 (cunning person),黑心(black heart, evil heart; greed),黑道人物 (a gangster; an underworld figure) ,黑店(an inn which is run by thieves as a trap to steal, rob or even murder unwary travelers)等等。我們也常一竿子打落一船人地說「天下烏鴉一般黑」來暗示一群人都不是好東西。中文的「黑」是相等于英文的“black”;用作名詞時,其字義為「黑,黑色;黑色顏料;黑墨水;黑人;黑衣;【靶的】中心黑點;黑斑;污點」等等。當(dāng)作形容詞使用時,則除了「黑的,黑色的;黑人的;黑衣的」等義之外,還用于表示「暗淡的,陰郁的,沮喪的;險惡的,邪惡的;不吉利的」等。本文的討論范圍將只限于這些表示后者的字義及其用法。
我們先來看一看“black”一詞的若干例句:
He is black with anger.
(他氣得臉色發(fā)青。)
He is not so black as he is painted.
(他不像所傳聞的那么壞。)
He looks as black as thunder.
(他看起來一副像雷公的兇相。)
The prospects for a ban on nuclear weapons look black.
(核武限制的前途極為黯淡。)
He gave a black look at the impolite waiter in the restaurant.
(他對不禮貌的餐廳服務(wù)員狠狠地看了一眼。)
As prices have dropped lower and lower, the outlook looks black for many companies in the city.
(當(dāng)價格一再下跌,對市內(nèi)許多公司來說前景大為不妙。
原文請訪問:http://blog.onlycollege.com.cn/662/viewspace-19949