Part One 單詞&課文詳解
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
據(jù)說(shuō)每個(gè)人都靠出售某種東西來(lái)維持生活。
live by靠...謀生，= to make enough money to feed oneself 以某種職業(yè)為生 ~ fishing, ~ teaching
Live on... 依靠某種食物維持生命, 或靠某人生活。
Sheep and cows live on grasses. He lives chiefly on fruit. (Chiefly adv.首要, 主要地) \
Though he is over thirty, he still lives on his parents.
In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
根據(jù)這種說(shuō)法，教師靠賣知識(shí)為生，哲學(xué)家靠賣智慧為生，牧師靠賣精神安慰為生。
單詞：philosopher哲學(xué)家，philosophy哲學(xué)
Wisdom智慧，學(xué)問(wèn) wise adj.
Even the wise are not always free from error. 智者千慮必有一失.
priest神父, 牧師，近義：vicar, churchman
spiritual精神上的。擴(kuò)展：mental腦力的，intellectual智力的
Spiritual adj.精神上的（adj.非物質(zhì)的, 精神的, 靈魂的）
Spiritual life 精神生活 spiritual need 精神上的需要
spiritual and material civilization
Comfort安慰，慰藉；舒服
Statement說(shuō)法，陳述，主張，立場(chǎng)
短語(yǔ)：In the light of this statement根據(jù)這種說(shuō)
in terms of依據(jù)，according to根據(jù)，in respect of/ with regard to關(guān)于，至于
In the light of... 按照, 根據(jù), 考慮到, 從...的觀點(diǎn)
The theory has been abandoned in the light of modern discovery.
In the light of the evidence it was decided to take the manufacturers to court.
In accordance with... 依照...(用在法律上, 更加正式)
In accordance with the law ; in accordance with the regulation (n.規(guī)則, 規(guī)章)
Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform. for us.
雖然物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值可以用金錢來(lái)衡量，但要估算別人為我們?yōu)樗峁┑姆⻊?wù)的價(jià)值卻是極其困難的。
短語(yǔ)：material goods物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品
We should learn to express our feelings than to show our love through material goods.
我們應(yīng)學(xué)著說(shuō)出自己的感情，而不是通過(guò)物質(zhì)來(lái)表達(dá)愛。
If I have the means, I will definitely support them , whether with money or material goods .
如果我有條件，我絕對(duì)會(huì)資助的，不管是金錢上、物質(zhì)上，都是可以的。
in terms of 按照, 在...方面, 就...而言, 關(guān)于
in terms of law 從法律上說(shuō) in terms of volume 以量計(jì)算 in terms of theory 在理論上
He thinks of every thing in terms of people’s interests. 他依據(jù)(按照)人民的利益考慮任何事。
In terms f = in respect of(關(guān)于, 就...來(lái)說(shuō)),
with respect to(關(guān)于, 至于, 談到) = in/with regard to(關(guān)于), as regards(關(guān)于, 至于)
There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
有時(shí)，我們?yōu)榱送炀壬敢飧冻鑫覀兯加械囊磺小５驮谕饪拼蠓蚪o我們提供了這種服務(wù)后，我們卻可能為所支付的昂貴的費(fèi)用而抱怨。
單詞：grudge不愿給，舍不得給 Grudge sb sth/grudge doing sth
One can't grudge success to such a worthy man. 成功的機(jī)遇絕不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)如此出色的人.
他一個(gè)子也不愿意給他的兒子。 He grudges every penny to his son.
我不愿在這件事上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。I grudge wasting time on this.
Surgeon外科醫(yī)生，physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生, surgery外科手術(shù)，plastic surgery整容手術(shù)
Fee（付給醫(yī)生，律師等的）勞務(wù)費(fèi)。擴(kuò)展：tuition學(xué)費(fèi)，toll路費(fèi)，fine罰款，fare交通費(fèi)
Precisely正是，確實(shí)（強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)/明顯）；精確地，近義：accurately
亮點(diǎn)：There are times when有時(shí)...相當(dāng)于sometimes,前者更正式也更有文采，而且times前還可以加上任何定語(yǔ)
在泄氣的(discouraging)時(shí)候我們需要設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)才能獲得動(dòng)力。
There are discouraging times when we need to set up a target to find the motivation.
The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
社會(huì)上的情況就是如此，技術(shù)是必須付錢去買的，就像在商店里要花錢買商品一樣。
The conditions of society are such=such are the conditions of society
Such is human nature that…
短語(yǔ)：in the same way以同樣的方式
我們不能跟我們父母學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的方式一樣。
他走路的方式跟他的父親一樣。
Everyone has something to sell. Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.
在這條普遍的規(guī)律前面，好像只有流浪漢是個(gè)例外.
單詞：Tramp流浪漢，擴(kuò)展：wanderer流浪者
Hotel staff is the one exception to the no -tipping rule. 飯店員工是不收小費(fèi)原則的唯一例外。
Germany appears to exception to this general trend. 德國(guó)市場(chǎng)似乎不受這市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì)的影響。
亮點(diǎn)：常規(guī)說(shuō)法：This seems to be the general rule, except tramps
Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
乞丐出售的幾乎是他本人，以引起過(guò)路人的憐憫。
Arouse引起，激發(fā)(vt.)，~ suspicion, ~ sympathy
擴(kuò)展：(arise-arouse-arisen)產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；起床(vi.)quarrel ~, problems ~.
In short, there was nothing to arouse suspicion. 簡(jiǎn)而言之，沒有任何會(huì)引起懷疑的跡象。
Coffee and soft drinks will arouse most people. 咖啡和軟飲料會(huì)給大多數(shù)人提神。
passers-by路人（復(fù)）
But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他們既不出售任何東西，也不需要從別人那兒得到任何東西. 在追求獨(dú)立自由的同時(shí)，他們并不犧牲為人的尊嚴(yán)。
單詞：seek尋找，探索(vi./vt.)
dignity尊嚴(yán)，自尊
lose one's dignity 丟面子, 失去尊嚴(yán)
If you are afraid of losing your dignity, you can’t expect to learn to speak a foreign language.
Although she is very poor, she has not lost her dignity. 她雖然很窮, 但沒有失去她的尊嚴(yán)。
Keep/stand on one's dignity 保持自已的尊嚴(yán) pocket one's dignity [口]放下架子
with great dignity 儀態(tài)大方
Ladies and gentlemen should always act with great dignity. 太太先生們的舉止應(yīng)該總是十分端莊體面的。
Dignify vt.使有尊嚴(yán), 使高貴 Dignified adj.高貴的,有尊嚴(yán)的
句型：in+ doing相當(dāng)于when/while,如去掉in則變成分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思一致；
In seeking independence = In the course of seeking independence
In 和動(dòng)名詞搭配, 表示在...的過(guò)程當(dāng)中。
In speaking to him, I found that he stammers. (v.口吃, 結(jié)巴著說(shuō)出)
On 和動(dòng)名詞搭配, 表示一...就...
In crossing the hall, I noticed my shoes was undone. (adj.脫去的, 解開的, 放松的)
在進(jìn)入大廳的時(shí)候, 我注意到我的鞋帶松了。
On crossing the hall, I noticed my shoes was undone. 一進(jìn)入大廳的時(shí)候, 我就注意到我的鞋帶松了
In talking about the superstar, we always remind his masterpiece。
On arriving in Shanghai, they received warm welcome from their old friends.
A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
游浪漢可能會(huì)向你討錢，但他從來(lái)不要你可憐他。他是故意在選擇過(guò)那種生活的，并完全清楚以這種方式生活的后果。
單詞：deliberately故意地，深思熟慮的, 考慮周到的 近義：purposefully, on purpose
The foreman accused them of deliberately going slow. 工頭指責(zé)他們故意消極怠工。
He was either normally stupid or being deliberately obtuse. 他要么是真傻，要么是故意裝傻。
Consequence后果，suffer/take ~, 擴(kuò)展：in /as a ~ of由于
