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        The blue tits(山雀) have been inspecting the nest-box again this year. The male is the house-hunter but the female will make the final choice. He lands at the hole and turns his head to expose his white cheeks as a signal to attract the female from where she has been feeding.

　　Among many birds that nest in holes, the male has a light-coloured patch on its plumage(鳥羽) which acts as signal for drawing the female’s attention to a suitable nesting-place. Unlike the blue tit, the redstart(紅尾鴝) may be only the male that strikingly coloured and the female is not beautiful.

　　A few years ago I was lucky enough to spot a pair of redstarts in action in a Walsh wood. The male was leading an interested female to holes that he had previously(先前) checked out. He sat at the entrance of each hole and put his head on to show off his white forehead, or his head in to reveal(顯露) his tail.

　　If the female failed to react to his visual signals, the male sometimes sang for extra effect, while gliding towards her on spread wings and tail. Once the female accepts by following the male through the hole the displays stop, you must be at the right place at the right time to watch them.

Choice：

       1. How do the blue tits choose their nest?

　　A. They choose their nest together.

　　B. The male chooses their nest.

　　C. The house-hunter chooses their nest.

　　D. The female chooses their nest.

　　2. The writer was lucky to see ________.

　　A. how the male made his tricks

　　B. how an interested female played with the male happily

　　C. what the male displayed and won the female

　　D. that the male tried his best but failed to attract the female

　　3. You can spot a pair of redstarts in a Walsh wood ________.

　　A. at any time  B. regularly    C. in April    D. occasionally

　　4. The writer is probably ________.

　　A. a bird expert     B. a bird-hunter

　　C. a bird raiser       D. a scientist

background information

紅尾鴝（qu）亦稱紅尾鳥。舊大陸的雀形目(Passeriformes)鶇科(Turdidae)紅尾鴝屬(Phoenicurus)約11種鳥類，或新大陸的12種在外形、行為上略近似的鳥類。舊大陸的紅尾鴝體長14公分(5.5吋)。因尾紅色而得名，經常擺動尾部。習性似鶲。普通紅尾鴝(P.phoenicurus)在整個歐亞大陸繁育，雄鳥上體灰色，面及喉黑色，胸淺紅色，尾紅褐色。新大陸的紅尾鴝為林鶯(woodwarbler)，屬林鶯科(Parulidae)。美洲紅尾鴝(Setophaga ruticilla)在加拿大到厄瓜多爾一帶繁殖，在美洲的熱帶地區越冬；雄鳥主要呈黑色，翅和尾有紅斑紋。另一種色彩鮮明的紅尾鴝是亞利桑那南部到尼加拉瓜的彩色紅尾鴝(S. picta)，雌雄均主要呈黑色，腹部亮紅色，翅上及尾側有大白斑；巢杯形，用草筑成，常筑在陡岸的地上。Myioborus屬的10個熱帶種同樣色彩鮮豔。

vocabulary

   expose 暴露

   reveal 揭露

  plumage 鳥羽

  strikingly  顯眼地

答案解析

　本文主要是講the male redstart 是怎樣使出渾身解數吸引the female入巢的。

　　1. D。細節題。從第1段第2句話The male is the house-hunter but the female will make the final choice 可以做出正確選擇。

　　2. C。判斷題。從第3段第1句I was lucky enough to spot a pair of redstarts in action in a Walsh wood 和文章第三、四段的內容可知答案為C。

　　3. D。語義理解題。根據 A few years ago I was lucky enough to…和…you must be at the right place at the right time to see them 可知答案為D。

　　4. A。推斷題。從文章內容來看，文中不僅提到了鳥的一些習性，而且對雄鳥如何吸引雌鳥入巢了解得很清楚，可見作者可能是一位研究鳥類的專家。