詞語辨析:kind與sort用法辨析
兩者在表示“種類”時,常可換用,只是 sort 更口語化,且有時帶有貶義。如: He’s some sort of crook. 他是個無賴。 兩者在用法上應(yīng)注意以下幾點: 1. 以下兩類表達(dá)基本同義,但第二種表達(dá)更正式: 這種電腦質(zhì)量很好。 正:This kind [sort] of computer is of good quality. 正:Computers of this kind [sort] are of good quality. 非洲有很多種蛇。 正:Many kinds [sorts] of snakes are found in Africa. 正:Snakes of many kinds [sorts] are found in Africa. 2. kind(s) of 或 sort(s) of 通常用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。如: one kind [sort] of flower (bread) 一種花(面包) many kinds [sorts] of car (bread) 許多種車(面包) 注:在非正式英語中,復(fù)數(shù)形式的 kinds of 和 sorts of 也可用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞前(較少見),但單數(shù)形式的 kind of 和 sort of 通常不能用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。如: 正:these kinds [sorts] of flowers (people) 這些種花(人) 誤:this kind [sort] of flowers (people) 不過可以說:flowers (people) of this kind [sort] 3. 在口語中,有時 these, those 與單數(shù) kind, sort 連用。如: These kind of questions are very difficult. 這種問題很難。 但是此用法有人認(rèn)為是不正確的,因此對學(xué)生來說,在應(yīng)試時還是以用下列表達(dá)為宜: 正:These (Those) kinds of questions are very difficult. 正:This (That) kind of question is very difficult. 正:Questions of this (that) kind are very difficult. 4. 比較:What kind [sort] of ...? 和 What kind [sort] of a ...? 前者指類型、類別、種類等,其中的 what 具有類似 which 的含義;后者指作用、性質(zhì)、性能等,其中的 what 具有類似 how 的含義。如: What kind [sort] of car is it? 這是什么牌子的車? What kind [sort] of a car is it? 這種車質(zhì)量如何?
5. 在口語中,a kind [sort] of 可表示一種模糊意味。如: I had a kind [sort] of feeling that you would say that. 我有一種感覺,就是你會那樣說的。 He gave a kind [sort] of smile and left the room. 他像是笑了一下,然后就離開了房間。
6. 在非常隨便的口語中,kind of 和 sort of 有時可用作副詞,表示程度,意為“有點兒”。如: I’m feeling kind [sort] of tired. 我感到有點兒累。 He kind of smiled at me. 他朝我微微一笑。
|