本文主要向大家介紹聽力短對(duì)話的宏觀方法，無論四級(jí)還是六級(jí)，聽前的充分預(yù)讀是必要的，因?yàn)橹挥姓J(rèn)真的預(yù)讀才能找到選項(xiàng)中的規(guī)律，另外，短對(duì)話必須遵守的一個(gè)原則就是：先聽到什么不太可能是正確選項(xiàng)，后聽到的才可能是正確答案，沒聽到什么最有可能選擇什么!!!
第一招：相關(guān)保留原則
當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)表達(dá)意思相近時(shí)，那么正確答案必在這兩項(xiàng)之中!這時(shí)只需稍微聽一聽對(duì)話，即可知答案，如果出現(xiàn)了雙重相關(guān)，便可直接確認(rèn)正確選項(xiàng)，只需聽完對(duì)話加之認(rèn)證一下即可!
典型例題： 1999年12月第4題
4. A) Visiting the Browning.
B) Writing a postcard.
C) Looking for a postcard.
D) Filling in a form.
例題分析：B、C兩項(xiàng)均含有 a poscard ，B、D兩項(xiàng)均含有寫...之意，即B、C和B、D構(gòu)成雙重相關(guān)，即可得出B為正確選項(xiàng)!
本題聽力原文：
M: What's the matter? You've been sitting there for ages, just staring into space.
W: I told the Browning I'd send them a postcard. Now I don't know what to say.
Q: What's the woman doing?
第二招：異項(xiàng)保留原則
當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)有意思明顯相反的兩項(xiàng)時(shí)，那么正確答案必在此二項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)!如果出現(xiàn)雙重異項(xiàng)，那么即可判斷出正確答案，異項(xiàng)保留原則在六級(jí)考試聽力短對(duì)話中應(yīng)用廣泛!
典型例題： 1999年12月第6題
A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.
B) She can’t afford a computer right now.
C) The man can use her computer.
D) The man should buy a computer right away.
例題分析：B、C異項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)的意思是她現(xiàn)在有電腦，C項(xiàng)的意思則是她現(xiàn)在沒有電腦。B、D異項(xiàng)，B是說女方無電腦，而D是說男方無電腦，男女也是一種反意關(guān)系。所以根據(jù)雙重異項(xiàng)原則可確定正確答案為B項(xiàng)!
本題聽力原文：
M: I'm frustrated. We're supposed to do our assignment on the computer, but I have difficulty getting access to the computers in the library.
W: I understand the way you feel. I'm looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own.
Q: What does the woman mean?
第三招：女士保留原則
做題做多了，我們應(yīng)該了解西方人的思維方式，當(dāng)對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)女士的建議和要求時(shí)，我們一定要注意，這時(shí)女士說出來的話很可能就是正確選項(xiàng)的異意!因?yàn)榕拷?jīng)常以女神的形象出面，她們代表的是美好、正面、陽(yáng)光的信息!
典型例題： 1999年12月第9題
A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.
B) The man should take up a new hobby.
C) The man should stop playing tennis.
D) The man should find the cause for his failure.
例題分析：通過選項(xiàng)我們可以分析出男人做一些事情遇到了困難，這時(shí)一位女人出來安慰男人，根據(jù)女神原則可知女人一定會(huì)讓男人堅(jiān)持把這件事情做下去，而不要放棄，這樣的題型太多了，所以可呈現(xiàn)出一定的規(guī)律性!
本題聽力原文：
M: I think I'm going to give up playing tennis. I lost again today.
W: Just because you lost? It that the reason to quit?
Q: What does the woman imply?
第四招：概括、抽象保留原則
當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)比較概括、抽象的句子時(shí)，這時(shí)我們就要把表述事實(shí)的、具體的句子劃掉，而去選擇表概、抽象、比較性的句子!此原則可衍生出一個(gè)包含取大的原則，在作題時(shí)應(yīng)用也是十分的廣泛，一般當(dāng)兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思接近時(shí)，表述比較全面的一般為正確選項(xiàng)!
典型例題：
A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.
B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.
C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.
D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college
例題分析：A、C、D均為表述事實(shí)的句子，只有B項(xiàng)為對(duì)比、比較的句子，較之A、C、D項(xiàng)更為抽象的表述了一件事情，所以B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)!
本題聽力原文：
M: The visiting economist is speaking tonight, but Dr. Johnson doesn't seem to think much of him.
W: That's because Dr. Johnson comes from an entirely different school of thought.
Q: What do we learn from the woman's remark?
第五招：態(tài)度和虛擬保留原則
這兩種方法一般無單獨(dú)命題的規(guī)律性，只是作為上述四種宏觀方法的輔助方法出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)只剩下兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，通常正態(tài)度的選項(xiàng)容易是正確答案，表虛擬的選項(xiàng)更容易是正確答案! |
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