一、題型分類 (Classification of every essay):
1、對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)話題:
題型特點(diǎn)：
1) 大多為三點(diǎn)提綱，提綱模式一般為：有一些人……；還有人……；我的看法或觀點(diǎn)；
2) 少數(shù)時(shí)候也會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩點(diǎn)提綱的情況，此時(shí)可以補(bǔ)充成三點(diǎn)提綱來(lái)寫作。
歷年真題：
2000.6； 1999.6； 1998.6； 1997.6； 1996.1；1995.6；1993.6； 1993.1
2、 社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題:
題型特點(diǎn)：
1) 應(yīng)該為三點(diǎn)提綱，但是通常以兩點(diǎn)提綱出現(xiàn)的題目居多，所涉及主題為當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)；
2) 如果是兩點(diǎn)提綱，則補(bǔ)充成三點(diǎn)提綱寫作。
3) 通常模式為：現(xiàn)象概述--細(xì)節(jié)（原因、危害、方式等）--自我評(píng)論
歷年真題：
2002.12； 2000.12； 2000.1； 1999.1； 1997.12； 1995.1；
3、圖標(biāo)題:
題型特點(diǎn)：
1) 以圖表作為信息來(lái)源的寫作模式
2) 通常模式為：描述圖表--解釋原因--自我評(píng)論
歷年真題：
2003.6; 2000.6； 1996.6； 1992.1； 1991.6
4、書(shū)信題:
題型特點(diǎn)：
1) 寫書(shū)信
歷年真題：
2001.6； 2002.1；
5、諺語(yǔ)格言題:
題型特點(diǎn)：
1) 文章題目為一句格言或諺語(yǔ)
2) 通常模式為：解釋諺語(yǔ)--舉例論證--畫龍點(diǎn)睛
歷年真題：
1997.1；
二、文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：
一）典型的對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：
(啟)Paragraph I:
1) 引出將要評(píng)論的事物或者是觀點(diǎn)；
2) 簡(jiǎn)明扼要的提出人們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上的兩種不同看法。
(承)Paragraph II:
1) 提出一種觀點(diǎn)或優(yōu)點(diǎn)；
2) 本段的支持性分論點(diǎn)；
3) 本段總結(jié)(可以省略)。
(轉(zhuǎn))Paragraph III:
1) 承上啟下的過(guò)渡句；
2) 提出另一種觀點(diǎn)或缺點(diǎn)；
3) 本段的支持性分論點(diǎn)
4) 本段總(可以省略)。
(合)Paragraph IV:
1) 平衡兩種看法；
2) 給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
二）圖表題文章寫作邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：
Paragraph I:
1) 描述圖表：趨勢(shì)描寫；
2) 描述圖表：必要數(shù)據(jù)支持（細(xì)節(jié)性）。
Paragraph II:
1) 提出自己理由和觀點(diǎn)；
2) 細(xì)節(jié)性分論點(diǎn)（支持自己觀點(diǎn)）。
Paragraph III:
1) 預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)和提出解決方法；
2) 總結(jié)全文和表達(dá)作者自己觀點(diǎn)。
圖表題文章有用的表達(dá)方式有:
1) According to the graph 如圖所示，還可以說(shuō)成 As can be seen from the graph
2) steep rise 陡然上升，
steady decrease 緩慢下降
三）書(shū)信題寫作五點(diǎn)基本結(jié)構(gòu)
開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山說(shuō)意圖
咨詢建議一二三
不同內(nèi)容可分段
感謝客氣不可少
期盼回信成老套
開(kāi) 頭 段：
1. 告知對(duì)方你的身份（假如對(duì)方不認(rèn)識(shí)你）
1) Dear Sir/Mr. Prometheus,
2) I was a student at your college, enrolled in Philosophy Department.
3) I am a … at your …
4) I am a … at your college, enrolled in the … course.
5) My name is …, I am ….
2. 問(wèn)候收信人（假如他/她是你的朋友）
1) Dear Prometheus,
2) Hello/Hi. How are you? / I hope everything is fine. / How are things going with you?
/ How are you getting on in……?
3. 解釋寫信的原因
(1). 致謝：
1) I deeply appreciate your courtesy and I hope to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.
2) I am greatly indebted to you for (the double) you have gone to on my behalf.
3) Thank you for your letter about studying in Canada.
4) I am writing to you to express my heartfelt gratitude.
5) I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for…….
6) I would like to thank you most sincerely for…….
(2). 抱怨：
1) I am writing to complain about the poor service at your dining-room.
2) I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at …
3) I wish to make a complaint about…….
4) I am writing to draw your attention to…….
5) I am afraid I have got a complaint about…….
(3). 致歉：
1) I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information regarding the following aspects.
2) I am writing to you because I am unable to…….
3) I am terribly sorry that…….
4) I would like to express my apologies for not being able to…….
(4). 詢問(wèn)：
1) I would like to obtain/request/seek/inquire about some information about…
2) I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
3) I would like some detailed information on/about……
結(jié) 尾 段：
1. 發(fā)出請(qǐng)求
1) Please give this matter your immediate attention.
2) I would very much appreciate it if……as soon as possible.
3) Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.
2. 提供幫助
1) I hope these ……will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more information.
2) ……will be taking over responsibility for you and if you should need any assistance, she/he will be pleased to help you.
3. 再次表示歉意或感激
1) Thank you for your kind assistance.
2) Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude, now and always.
3) I am sorry that I cannot……, and trust that you will understand.
4) In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused.
5) I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.
6) Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
4. 期盼回信
1) I look forward to your prompt response.
2) Looking forward to a prompt reply.
3) I expect to hear from you very soon.
4) I hope to receive your reply shortly.
5) I am already eagerly awaiting your reply to this first letter.
各類文章主體句式(Body)總結(jié)如下：
1. 原 因 結(jié) 果
例：There are probably +[many\several\three]+[resons\causes]+ for this +[dramatic\marked]+[increase\decline\change]+ in...
2. 比 較 對(duì) 照
例：[There is no doubt that\Obviously,]+ it has [its\both]+[drawbacks\disadvantages\negative effects]+[as well as\and]+[merits\advantages\positive effects]...
3. 例 證
例：We may +[cite\quote\mention\take\point out]+[a single\a common\another]+ example of...
4. 事 實(shí)
例：No one can +[deny\doubt\ignor\overlook]+ the +[bare\hard\essential\profound]+ fact that...
5. 數(shù) 據(jù) 調(diào) 查
例：A +[recent\new\nationwide]+[study\survey\poll\investigation]+[conducted\taken]+[at a factory\by officials]...
6. 權(quán) 威（專 家）
例：As one +[scientist\writer\doctor\psychologist]+[wrote\commented\pointed out\noted], ...
7. 分 析
例：It seems +[quite\almost]+[(un)likely\(im)possible\(in)credible\(in)conceivable]+ that...
文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)框架搭建好，再填入精煉的句子和優(yōu)美的詞匯表達(dá)，相信你一定會(huì)寫出優(yōu)美的文章！贏得高分！
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